Random Variables and Probability Distributions

A random variable represents the result of some random process, like flipping a coin, rolling dice, or spinning a bottle. They can be discrete and take on only certain values (like heads or tails, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 on a die) or continuous and take on any real value (like the […]

The Central Limit Theorem

The Central Limit Theorem is a pretty important concept in statistics. It states that, even if the original probability distribution isn’t normal, the mean of the samples taken from this distribution is distributed normally as the number of samples increases. What does this mean? Let’s try an experiment. You’re going to need python (I’m using […]

Experiments, Hypothesis Testing, and Power

Hypothesis tests are a test you do when you wanna find out about something in the world. You make a hypothesis, then you test it against another hypothesis, and see which one is less wrong. Sometimes they’re called A/B tests (usually in business or marketing), but this is the same idea. You have two options, […]